A recent study has found detectable levels of lead, arsenic, and other potentially harmful chemicals in tampons. The study, conducted by researchers at Columbia University, tested 30 tampons from 14 brands purchased in the United States, United Kingdom, and Greece.

“The average menstruating person will spend about five years of their total reproductive lifespan using tampons,” said study author Kathrin Schilling, assistant professor of environmental health sciences at Columbia University’s Mailman School of Public Health. “What if some of those menstrual aids contain heavy metals or potentially toxic chemicals linked to chronic diseases and reproductive and developmental problems?”

The study found an average of 100 nanograms per gram of lead and 2 nanograms per gram of arsenic in the tampons. While the levels were relatively low, there is no known safe level of exposure to lead, according to the US Environmental Protection Agency.

“I do not want people to panic, but to be aware that heavy metals have been found in these menstrual products,” said Schilling. “Obviously, the next step is to do research that would show if the metals leach from the tampon into the body.”

Vaginal tissue is more absorbent than other parts of the body, so if further studies confirm that these chemicals leach from tampons, it could be a significant health concern.

The study also found that organic tampons contained higher levels of arsenic, while non-organic tampons had higher levels of lead. The researchers believe the metals may come from the cotton or rayon used to make the tampons, or from contamination during manufacturing.

In addition to heavy metals, the study also found evidence of other chemicals in tampons, including PFAS (perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances) and phthalates. These chemicals have been linked to a variety of health problems, including reproductive problems, early menstruation, and certain cancers.

The FDA is currently reviewing the study and has stated that it will “take any action warranted to safeguard the health of consumers who use these products”.

While more research is needed to determine the full health risks, there are some steps you can take to minimize potential exposure:

• Change tampons frequently. The FDA recommends changing tampons every 4-8 hours.
• Use the lowest absorbency tampon possible. This will reduce the amount of time the tampon is in contact with vaginal tissue.
• Consider using menstrual cups or pads. These products may be a better option for some people.

If you are concerned about the chemicals in tampons, talk to your doctor. They can help you decide which menstrual products are right for you.